Tuesday, February 28, 2023

DON’T FORGET TO REMEMBER!

Parashat Tetzaveh (Shabbat Zakhor)
Torah: Exodus 27:20 - 30:10
Maftir (Shabbat Zakhor): Deuteronomy 25:17-19
Haftarah (Shabbat Zakhor): 1 Samuel 15:1-34
Adar 11, 5783 / March 3-4, 2023
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This d'var torah is offered for a refuah shleimah for Chanah Bella bat Kreina and Devorah bat Feigel.
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Lunch and Learn meets Tuesdays at 12:30 PM on Zoom and Facebook Live. We're continuing to read and discuss the Midrashic collection Ein Ya'akov. NO LUNCH AND LEARN ON MARCH 7.
On March 14, we'll be at BT Shabbat 55b, page 145 of Ein Ya'akov (Glick edition) Volume 1 -  "...מיתיבי ד' מתו בעטיו של נחש" - "It is taught in a Baraitha - Four died in consequence of the instigation of the serpent” 
Ein Ya'akov (Glick edition) is available for on-line reading or as a downloadable PDF at:
https://hebrewbooks.org/9630 
A pointed Hebrew text version with different pagination is available at Sefaria: 
https://www.sefaria.org/Ein_Yaakov?tab=contents  
-----------------------------------------------
Rabbi Van Leeuwen has a blog which you should read at: 
https://rebjasonblog.wordpress.com/blog/ 
Dr. Steve Pearlman writes up the "Midrashim of the Week", which you should read at: 
https://midrashsrp.wordpress.com 
---------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Check out our wonderful community, and get lots of info about our various programs and becoming a Member at: https://bnaihayim.org/ 
Please feel free to pass this on to a friend, and please cite the source.
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DON’T FORGET TO REMEMBER!

"And you shall put the two stones upon the shoulder pieces of the ephod, stones of remembrance for the Children of Israel; and Aaron shall bear their names before the Lord upon his two shoulders for a remembrance... And Aaron shall bear the names of the Children of Israel in the breastplate of judgment over his heart, when he goes into the holy place, for a remembrance before the Lord perpetually." Exodus 28:12, 29


The Breastplate of the High Priest (illustration from the 1905–1906 Jewish Encyclopedia)

"Remember (zakhor) what Amalek did to you, on the way when you were leaving Egypt ... you shall wipe out the memory of Amalek from under the heavens - don't forget!" Deuteronomy 25:17-19 (the maftir for this Shabbat - Shabbat Zakhor)

“Memory is redemption; forgetting is exile.” Baal Shem Tov to Exodus 28:12

There are so many ways to take the short but deep statement of the Besht – the Baal Shem Tov. At one level, I have often used his statement at shivah minyanim to teach that, by remembering those who have passed on, we keep them alive in a meaningful way – if we forget them, it is as if they never lived. In remembering, we redeem them from oblivion.

It is worth noting that, among the Hasidic followers of the Besht, and more generally within the Jewish mystical tradition, there is the concept that every time a Jew observes a mitzvah, it is an act of tikkun olam – of restoring a fractured world to its ideal state. Thus, we might understand the Besht in this way – if we remember to observe the mitzvot, we redeem ourselves and our people – maybe even the entire world; if we forget, then we exile ourselves from our people and our tradition, and contribute nothing to tikkun olam.

One might finally see the Torah and the Besht as the basis for George Santayana’s saying: “Those who cannot remember the past are condemned to repeat it.” This teaches us the power of memory, and the danger of forgetting. We Jews remember the baseless hatred of Amalek, Haman, Greeks, Romans, Crusaders, Almohades, Cossacks, Nazis and Communists – among others. American Jews have been at the forefront of exposing the genocidal atrocities against the Rohingya people, as they have been concerning Darfur. We remember what happens when others want to forget – and we remind the world – sometimes at great sacrifice. Because we are commanded to remember.

Who would have thought that “merely” remembering takes on redemptive qualities for us all.

Shabbat Shalom! Purim Sameach!

HaRav Haga'on Abba Reuven ben Menachem Mendel, Shlita
Rosh Yeshivah - Shlabodkieville Bartender Academy
Av Beis Din Chelm
משנכנס אדר, מרבין בשמחה
From the beginning of Adar, we increase joy.
BT Ta’anit 29a
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My weekly divrei torah are available through free subscription to the Cyber Torah e-mail list. No salesman will call! Cyber Torah list management:
To subscribe to Cyber Torah, send an e-mail from the receiving address to 
ravflom@sbcglobal.net with the heading "Subscribe Cyber Torah"
To unsubscribe from Cyber Torah, send an e-mail from the receiving address to ravflom@sbcglobal.net with the heading "Unsubscribe Cyber Torah"
To dedicate a Cyber Torah in honor of a simchah, in memory of a loved one, or for a refuah shleimah, send an email to 
ravflom@sbcglobal.net with the heading "Dedicate Cyber Torah" and provide details in the message body.

Monday, February 20, 2023

FEEL THE LOVE!

Parashat Terumah
Adar 4, 5783 / February 24-25, 2023
Torah Reading: Exodus 25:1 - 27:19 
Haftarah Reading: 1 Kings 5:26 - 6:13
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This d'var torah is offered for a refuah shleimah for Chanah Bella bat Kreina and Devorah bat Feigel.
 
This d'var torah is offered in memory of my aunt, Mildred Flom, whose yahrzeit falls on Friday, Adar 3. Y'hi zekherah liv'rakhah - May her memory be a blessing.

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Lunch and Learn meets Tuesdays at 12:30 PM on Zoom and Facebook Live. We're continuing to read and discuss the Midrashic collection Ein Ya'akov
On February 21, we'll be at BT Shabbat 55a, page 142 of Ein Ya'akov (Glick edition) Volume 1 -  "...רב יהודה הוה יתיב קמיה דשמואל" - "R. Juda was sitting before Samuel...” 
 
Ein Ya'akov (Glick edition) is available for on-line reading or as a downloadable PDF at:
https://hebrewbooks.org/9630 
A pointed Hebrew text version with different pagination is available at Sefaria: 
https://www.sefaria.org/Ein_Yaakov?tab=contents  
-----------------------------------------------
Rabbi Van Leeuwen has a blog which you should read at: 
https://rebjasonblog.wordpress.com/blog/ 
Dr. Steve Pearlman writes up the "Midrashim of the Week", which you should read at: 
https://midrashsrp.wordpress.com 
---------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Check out our wonderful community, and get lots of info about our various programs and becoming a Member at: https://bnaihayim.org/ 
Please feel free to pass this on to a friend, and please cite the source.
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FEEL THE LOVE!
 
"And this is the offering you will take from them: gold and silver and brass."  Exodus 25:3
 
The Dubner Maggid taught: "God did not ask for these things in the sanctuary because He loves gold, Heaven forbid, but because they are precious to humans.  When a person donates something that he loves to God, it is as if he is giving his love to God....   It would have been proper to command that each person give God his love, but how can one take something spiritual, namely one's love, which is deep in the heart?  Therefore God commanded that He be given something material, and the love is given along with the object."

The Ark of the Covenant (replica in George Washington Masonic National Memorial)
By Ben Schumin - Own work, CC BY-SA 2.5, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=1575555

 
I see in the Maggid's teaching an interesting interpretation of the Sh'ma (Deuteronomy 6:4-9).  There, we are told to love God with all the heart, along with all the soul and all the might.  Some Jewish traditions teach that "heart, soul and might" are metaphors for greed, intellect and possessions. By acquiring property through greed, whether in-born or learned, coming to understand through study what God really wants from us, and then giving away our acquisitions to that higher purpose, we do indeed give all our love to God.
 
Feel the love - and then spread it around!
 
Mishenichnas Adar, marbin b’simchah! – With the beginning of Adar, joy is increased! (BT Ta'anit 29a)
 
Shabbat Shalom!
 
Rabbi Richard Flom, Rabbi Emeritus
Temple B'nai Hayim/Congregation Beth Meier
"שתיקה כהודאה דמיא"
"Silence in the face of wrongdoing is consent."
BT Yevamot 87b
------------------------------------------------
My weekly divrei torah are available through free subscription to the Cyber Torah e-mail list. No salesman will call! Cyber Torah list management:
To subscribe to Cyber Torah, send an e-mail from the receiving address to 
ravflom@sbcglobal.net with the heading "Subscribe Cyber Torah"
To unsubscribe from Cyber Torah, send an e-mail from the receiving address to ravflom@sbcglobal.net with the heading "Unsubscribe Cyber Torah"
To dedicate a Cyber Torah in honor of a simchah, in memory of a loved one, or for a refuah shleimah, send an email to 
ravflom@sbcglobal.net with the heading "Dedicate Cyber Torah" and provide details in the message body.

Tuesday, February 14, 2023

WHO IS MORE IMPORTANT?

Shevat 27, 5783 / February 17-18, 2023
Parashat Mishpatim (Shabbat Shekalim)
Torah: Exodus 21:1 - 24:18
Maftir: Exodus 30:11-16 (Shabbat Shekalim)
Haftarah: Ashkenazim - 2 Kings 12:1-17; Sephardim - 2 Kings 11:17 - 12:17
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This coming Tuesday and Wednesday are Rosh Chodesh Adar. Mishenichnas Adar, marbin b’simchah! – With the beginning of Adar, joy is increased! (BT Ta'anit 29a)
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This d'var torah is offered for a refuah shleimah for Chanah Bella bat Kreina and Devorah bat Feigel.
-------------------------------------------
Lunch and Learn meets Tuesdays at 12:30 PM on Zoom and Facebook Live. We're continuing to read and discuss the Midrashic collection Ein Ya'akov. 
On February 21, we'll be at BT Shabbat 55a, page 142 of Ein Ya'akov (Glick edition) Volume 1 -  "...רב יהודה הוה יתיב קמיה דשמואל" - "R. Juda was sitting before Samuel...” 

Ein Ya'akov (Glick edition) is available for on-line reading or as a downloadable PDF at:
A pointed Hebrew text version with different pagination is available at Sefaria: 
https://www.sefaria.org/Ein_Yaakov?tab=contents 
-----------------------------------------------
Rabbi Van Leeuwen has a blog which you should read at: 
https://rebjasonblog.wordpress.com/blog/ 

Dr. Steve Pearlman writes up the "Midrashim of the Week", which you should read at: 
https://midrashsrp.wordpress.com 
---------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Check out our wonderful community, and get lots of info about our various programs and becoming a Member at: https://bnaihayim.org/ 

Please feel free to pass this on to a friend, and please cite the source.
---------------------------------------------------------------------
WHO IS MORE IMPORTANT?

“Now these are the laws which you shall set before them.” Exodus 21:1

“You shall not wrong a stranger or oppress him, for you were strangers in the land of Egypt.” Exodus 22:20

The rules set forth in this parashah are primarily two types: civil and criminal legislation, and humanitarian matters. This follows last week’s receiving of Aseret Hadib’rot (the ten utterances, aka “Ten Commandments”). The Torah here continues to deal with matters arising between humans, such as: how to treat slaves, strangers, converts, widows and orphans; the requirement to pay damages for personal injuries; protecting others from dangerous livestock and conditions of property; and, much more. Some brief laws regarding sacrifices and the observance of the holidays come later in the parashah.

The Chasidic Master Simcha Bunim of Pshischa wonders why the first verse says “before them”. He suggests that “them” is not the Israelites. Rather, he reads it as “those”, to teach us that the commandments between fellow humans (mitzvot bein adam l’chavero) come before the commandments between humans and God (mitzvot bein adam la’Makom). Not just literally, as in the text, but in terms of importance as well. Heresy? Hardly.

Rabbi Simcha Bunim, ca. 1824

Simcha Bunim is on to something. What is the point of rigid ritual observance as a form of worshiping God, if one is going to mistreat fellow human beings, who are made in God’s very image? It's not only hypocritical; it's a chillul hashem (a desecration of God's name).

The commentary Avnei Azel makes a similar point. It raises the question, why do the mitzvot bein adam l'chavero immediately follow commandments concerning the altar (at the end of last week's parashah)?  The response: Just as the sacrifices were the worship of God in the Temple, observing the "civil" mitzvot (charity, lovingkindness, healing the sick, feeding the hungry, etc.) is also the worship of God.

Regarding our second verse, Rabbi Eliezer the Great (BT Bava Metzia 59b), says that the Torah warns 36 times, and some say 46 times, that we should not mistreat the stranger. This person is often identified as “the stranger (or alien) within your gates”. Add Rabbi Eliezer the Great’s teaching to those of Simcha Bunim and Avnei Azel, and we know that the Torah way of treating the strangers and aliens among us is perhaps the most important of all the mitzvot bein adam l’chavero. The Torah doesn’t demand their papers – and neither should we. It commands us to treat them the same way we would like to be treated – not the way we were treated in Egypt! It’s the law!

Shabbat Shalom! Chodesh Tov!

Rabbi Richard Flom, Rabbi Emeritus
Temple B'nai Hayim/Congregation Beth Meier
"שתיקה כהודאה דמיא"
"Silence in the face of wrongdoing is consent."
BT Yevamot 87b
------------------------------------------------
My weekly divrei torah are available through free subscription to the Cyber Torah e-mail list. No salesman will call! Cyber Torah list management:
To subscribe to Cyber Torah, send an e-mail from the receiving address to ravflom@sbcglobal.net with the heading "Subscribe Cyber Torah"
To unsubscribe from Cyber Torah, send an e-mail from the receiving address to ravflom@sbcglobal.net with the heading "Unsubscribe Cyber Torah"
To dedicate a Cyber Torah in honor of a simchah, in memory of a loved one, or for a refuah shleimah, send an email to ravflom@sbcglobal.net with the heading "Dedicate Cyber Torah" and provide details in the message body.

Tuesday, February 7, 2023

CLOTHES DON’T MAKE THE PERSON

Parashat Yitro
Shevat 20, 5783 / February 10-11, 2023
Torah: Exodus 18:1 - 20:23
Haftarah: Isaiah 6:1 - 7:6; 9:5-6 (Ashkenazim); Isaiah 6:1-13 (Sephardim)
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This d'var torah is offered for a refuah shleimah for Chanah Bella bat Kreina and Devorah bat Feigel.
-------------------------------------------
Lunch and Learn meets Tuesdays at 12:30 PM on Zoom and Facebook Live. We're continuing to read and discuss the Midrashic collection Ein Ya'akov. 
On February 7, we'll be at BT Shabbat 33b, page 138 of Ein Ya'akov (Glick edition) Volume 1 -  "שמע רבי פנחס בן יאיר ..." - "Rabbi Pinchas ben Yair heard ...” 
 
Ein Ya'akov (Glick edition) is available for on-line reading or as a downloadable PDF at: 
https://hebrewbooks.org/9630 
A pointed Hebrew text version with different pagination is available at Sefaria: 
https://www.sefaria.org/Ein_Yaakov?tab=contents 
-----------------------------------------------
Rabbi Van Leeuwen has a blog which you should read at: 
https://rebjasonblog.wordpress.com/blog/ 
Dr. Steve Pearlman writes up the "Midrashim of the Week", which you should read at: 
https://midrashsrp.wordpress.com 
---------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Check out our wonderful community, and get lots of info about our various programs and becoming a Member at: https://bnaihayim.org/ 

Please feel free to pass this on to a friend, and please cite the source.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
CLOTHES DON’T MAKE THE PERSON

"And the Lord said to Moses, 'Go to the people and sanctify them today and tomorrow; and they shall wash their clothes.'" Exodus 19:10

The 16th century Rabbi Moshe Alshikh, of Safed, says that the Torah teaches that it is not enough for people to worry only about the externals, such as washing themselves and their clothes, while neglecting themselves internally - they must be  clean and pure in both aspects. He adds, the internal aspect comes first - that is why they were ordered to sanctify themselves, and then to wash their clothes.

Moses on Mount Sinai (painting circa 1895–1900 by Jean-Léon Gérôme)

When one appears before a king to receive justice and mercy, one scrubs oneself and one's clothing, in order to make a good impression and not offend the king. But when one appears before the King of Kings, to receive the Holy Torah, as the Israelites (and all of us) do in this week's parashah, God wants the heart and soul to be pure before one worries about mere physical cleanliness. It should be so also when we pray and when we study Torah. If you think about it, shouldn't all of our dealings with other human beings as well be carried out in the same way? Every human being is an image of God - so we are always standing before God. If we always strive to act with purity of heart and soul, the externalities will take care of themselves.

Have an awesome Shabbat of standing before God – at Sinai – and everywhere else!

Rabbi Richard A. Flom, Rabbi Emeritus
Temple B'nai Hayim/Congregation Beth Meier
"שתיקה כהודאה דמיא"
"Silence in the face of wrongdoing is consent.”
BT Yevamot 87b
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My weekly divrei torah are available through free subscription to the Cyber Torah e-mail list. No salesman will call! Cyber Torah list management:
To subscribe to Cyber Torah, send an e-mail from the receiving address to: ravflom@sbcglobal.net with the heading “Subscribe Cyber Torah”.
To unsubscribe from Cyber Torah, send an e-mail from the receiving address to: ravflom@sbcglobal.net with the heading “Unsubscribe Cyber Torah”.
To dedicate a Cyber Torah in honor of a simchah in memory of a loved one or for a refuah shleimah, send an e-mail to: ravflom@sbcglobal.net with the heading “Dedicate Cyber Torah” and provide details in the message body. 

Thursday, February 2, 2023

THE PROOF IS IN THE BREAD

Parashat Beshallach (Shabbat Shirah)
Shevat 13, 5783 / February 3-4, 2023
Torah: Exodus 13:17 – 17:16
Haftarah: Judges 4:4 – 5:31 (Ashkenazim); Judges 5:1 – 5:31 (Sephardim)
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This d'var torah is offered for a refuah shleimah for Chanah Bella bat Kreina and Devorah bat Feigel.
-------------------------------------------
Lunch and Learn meets Tuesdays at 12:30 PM on Zoom and Facebook Live. We're continuing to read and discuss the Midrashic collection Ein Ya'akov. 
On February 7, we'll be at BT Shabbat 33b, page 138 of Ein Ya'akov (Glick edition) Volume 1 -  "שמע רבי פנחס בן יאיר ..." - "Rabbi Pinchas ben Yair heard ...” 
 
Ein Ya'akov (Glick edition) is available for on-line reading or as a downloadable PDF at: 
https://hebrewbooks.org/9630 
A pointed Hebrew text version with different pagination is available at Sefaria: 
https://www.sefaria.org/Ein_Yaakov?tab=contents 
-----------------------------------------------
Rabbi Van Leeuwen has a blog which you should read at: 
https://rebjasonblog.wordpress.com/blog/ 
Dr. Steve Pearlman writes up the "Midrashim of the Week", which you should read at: 
https://midrashsrp.wordpress.com 
---------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Check out our wonderful community, and get lots of info about our various programs and becoming a Member at: https://bnaihayim.org/ 

Please feel free to pass this on to a friend, and please cite the source.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
THE PROOF IS IN THE BREAD

Then the Lord said to Moses, "Here I will rain on you bread from heaven; and the people shall go out and gather a day's portion every day that I may prove them, whether they will walk in My law or not." Exodus 16:4.

The classic commentators disagree over the nature of the proving that is done here. How exactly are the Israelites being tested? Rashi (R. Shlomo Yitzchaki, d. 1105) says God wishes to know whether they will keep the specific commandments to not keep the manna overnight and to not gather the manna on Shabbat. Ramban (R. Moshe ben Nachman, d. 1270) says that is not correct - God wishes to see whether they can observe all of the mitzvot while having only rations of manna to eat. That is, the manna itself is the test. Sforno (R. Ovadiah ben Yaakov Sforno, d. 1550) agrees that the manna is the test, but it is to prove whether people who do not struggle to feed themselves will observe the mitzvot. The commentator Or Ha-Chaim (R. Chaim ben Moshe Ibn Attar, d. 1743) says it is to see whether they will spend their time in Torah study, as well as observing the mitzvot, since they need spend no time in preparing the manna. Rashbam (R. Shmuel ben Meir, d. 1158) and Ibn-Ezra (R. Abraham Ibn Ezra, d. 1167), based on the Mekhilta d'Rebbi Ishmael (Midrashic Commentary on the Book of Exodus), say the test is whether the Israelites will have faith in God when they must rely on a fresh supply of food each and every day.



The Jews Gathering the Manna in the DesertNicolas Poussin, ca. 1637-1639

Monotony; effortlessness; leisure; dependence - All of these seem to make sense as tests. I believe that the real test is gratitude - i.e., whether we can thank God for the food we eat, no matter what it is or how we obtained it (as long as we didn’t steal it!). Our rabbis tell us we are obligated from Tanakh to recite blessings before and after eating any sort of food. (see Deuteronomy 8:10, and Joel 2:26) We all teach our children to say "please" and "thank you". But how can we ever ask anything of God if we do not follow that truly basic law, the law of saying "Thank you, God"? How many of us pass that test?

Shabbat Shalom - Tu Bish'vat Sameach - Happy Jewish Arbor Day!

Rabbi Richard A. Flom, Rabbi Emeritus
Temple B'nai Hayim/Congregation Beth Meier
"שתיקה כהודאה דמיא"
"Silence in the face of wrongdoing is consent.”
BT Yevamot 87b
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Cyber Torah list management (no salesman will call!):
To subscribe to Cyber Torah, send an e-mail with the subject heading “Subscribe Cyber Torah” to: ravflom@sbcglobal.net 
Send requests for dedications of Cyber Torah in honor of a simchah, in memory of a loved one or for a refuah shleimah to: ravflom@sbcglobal.net 
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MATZAH – THE ORIGINAL SOUL FOOD

Parashat Metzora (Shabbat HaGadol) Nisan 12, 5784 / April 19-20, 2024 Torah: Leviticus 14:1 - 15:33 Haftarah (Shabbat HaGadol): Malakhi 3:4-...